Building a Docker Image Repository (Harbor)

Task Objectives#

Complete the setup of the Docker image repository.

Task Platform#

Physical Device --
Operating System: openEuler 22.03 LTS SP2

Deployment Guide#

Task 1: Environment Requirements#

Hardware Configuration

The following image lists the minimum and recommended hardware configurations for deploying Harbor.

Network Ports

Harbor requires the following ports to be open on the target host.

Port	Protocol	Remarks
443	HTTPS	Harbor portal and core API accept HTTPS requests on this port
4443	HTTPS	Connects to the Docker Content Trust service for Harbor
80	HTTP	Harbor portal and core API accept HTTP requests on this port

Task 2: Basic Environment Preparation#

Task 3: Deployment#

Download Harbor#

wget https://github.com/goharbor/harbor/releases/download/v2.9.1/harbor-offline-installer-v2.9.1.tgz
# Unzip
tar -vzxf harbor-offline-installer-v2.9.1.tgz

Install HTTPS Certificate#

Simple Version#

# Create certificate directory and set permissions
mkdir -p /data/cert/
chmod  -R 777 /data/cert/
cd /data/cert
# Create private key
openssl genrsa -des3 -out harbor.key 2048
# Generate CA certificate, IP is the local IP
openssl req -sha512 -new \
     -subj "/C=CN/ST=hennan/L=zhengzhou/O=qishi/OU=qishi/CN=images.store.net.crt" \
     -key harbor.key \
     -out harbor.csr
 # Backup certificate
 cp harbor.key  harbor.key.org
 # Convert to passwordless private key
 openssl rsa -in harbor.key.org -out harbor.key
 # Sign using the certificate
  openssl x509 -req -days 100000  -in harbor.csr -signkey harbor.key -out harbor.crt

Official Version#

# Create storage directory
mkdir -p /data/harbor-ca
cd /data/harbor-ca

Generate Certificate Authority Certificate

Generate CA Certificate Private Key

openssl genrsa -out ca.key 4096

Generate CA Certificate

# The content after CN is the IP or domain name
openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -sha512 -days 3650 \
 -subj "/C=CN/ST=henan/L=zhengzhou/O=qishi/OU=qishi/CN=hub-docker.xxx.net" \
 -key ca.key \
 -out ca.crt

Generate Server Certificate

Generate Private Key

# Name according to domain or IP
openssl genrsa -out hub-docker.xxx.net.key 4096

Generate Certificate Signing Request (CSR)

openssl req -sha512 -new \
    -subj "/C=CN/ST=henan/L=zhengzhou/O=qishi/OU=qishi/CN=hub-docker.xxx.net" \
    -key hub-docker.xxx.net.key \
    -out hub-docker.xxx.net.csr

Generate x509 v3 Extension File

cat > v3.ext <<-EOF
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer
basicConstraints=CA:FALSE
keyUsage = digitalSignature, nonRepudiation, keyEncipherment, dataEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth
subjectAltName = @alt_names

[alt_names]
DNS.1=hub-docker.xxx.net
DNS.2=hub-docker.xxx
DNS.3=hub-docker
EOF

Generate Certificate Using v3.ext

openssl x509 -req -sha512 -days 3650 \
    -extfile v3.ext \
    -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial \
    -in hub-docker.xxx.net.csr \
    -out hub-docker.xxx.net.crt

Provide Certificates to Harbor and Docker

Copy the server certificate and key to the directory where Harbor uses certificates.

# Create directory for Harbor certificates
mkdir -p /data/cert/
# Copy certificates
 cp hub-docker.xxx.net.crt /data/cert/
 cp hub-docker.xxx.net.key /data/cert/

Convert certificates for Docker use

   openssl x509 -inform PEM -in hub-docker.xxx.net.crt -out hub-docker.xxx.net.cert
   # Create directory for Docker certificates, named as IP:port or domain
   mkdir -p /etc/docker/certs.d/hub-docker.xxx.net/
   # Copy certificates
   cp hub-docker.xxx.net.cert /etc/docker/certs.d/hub-docker.xxx.net/
   cp hub-docker.xxx.net.key /etc/docker/certs.d/hub-docker.xxx.net/
   cp ca.crt /etc/docker/certs.d/hub-docker.xxx.net/
   # Restart Docker
   systemctl restart docker

Install Harbor#

Modify the configuration file

cp harbor.yml.tmpl harbor.yml
vi harbor.yml
#################################
hostname: hub-docker.xxx.net   # Change to local IP or custom domain
http:
   port: 80 # Port can be customized
https:   
   port: 443 # Port can be customized
certificate: /data/harbor/harbor-ca/hub-docker.xxx.net.crt # Certificate path
private_key: /data/harbor/harbor-ca/hub-docker.xxx.net.key # Private key path
harbor_admin_password: Harbor12345 # Login password
data_volume: /data/harbor-data # Data storage directory
#################################

Execute installation

./install.sh  --with-trivy

Access via browser using IP and port (add hosts for domain access)

Install pass

 # Basic environment
 yum install -y make
# Get pass source code
wget https://git.zx2c4.com/password-store/snapshot/password-store-1.7.4.tar.xz
# Unzip to /usr/local/ directory
tar Jxf password-store-1.7.4.tar.xz -C /usr/local/
# Execute installation
cd /usr/local/password-store-1.7.4
make install
# Verify
 pass version

Install docker-credential-helpers

# Install Go basic environment
yum -y install golang-1.17.3
# Get docker-credential-helpers source code
wget https://github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers/archive/refs/tags/v0.8.0.tar.gz
tar -xf v0.8.0.tar.gz
 mv docker-credential-helpers-0.8.0 docker-credential-helpers
 cd docker-credential-helpers/
 # Install using pass method
 make pass
 cp bin/build/docker-credential-pass /usr/bin/
 chmod +x /usr/bin/docker-credential-pass

Modify password configuration file

# Generate key pair
 gpg --full-generate-key
 # View keys
 gpg --list-keys
 ##################################################
 /root/.gnupg/pubring.kbx
------------------------
pub   rsa3072 2023-11-30 [SC] [expires: 2025-11-29]
      56CCF64EC289B13B1C0F14CCF2BB16136358AEA4
uid             [ultimate] qishi <[email protected]>
sub   rsa3072 2023-11-30 [E] [expires: 2025-11-29]
##################################################
 # Initialize
 pass init 56CCF64EC289B13B1C0F14CCF2BB16136358AEA4
 
 # Log in to Docker repository and check if credentials are encrypted
 docker login hub-docker.xxx.net
 cat /root/.docker/config.json
 #######################################
 {
        "auths": {
                "hub-docker.xxx.net": {}
        },
        "credsStore": "pass"
}
 #######################################
 
  # Create password store directory
  pass insert docker-credential-helpers/docker-pass-initialized-check
 # View password store list
  docker-credential-pass list
  # Verify password store
  yum install tree -y
  pass
  # Based on actual path
  pass show docker-credential-helpers/aW1hZ2VzLnN0b3JlLm5ldA==/admin

Task 5: Upload and Download Images (On the Host That Pulls Images)#

On the host that needs to pull and upload images, modify the daemon.json file and then restart Docker.

vi /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
  "insecure-registries": ["hub-docker.xxx.net"] # IP or domain
}

systemctl restart docker

Pull and upload images

# Pull nginx image for testing
docker pull nginx
# Re-tag, where test is a project that exists in Harbor
docker tag nginx:latest 172.20.1.55/test/nginx-test:1.0
docker tag nginx:latest hub-docker.xxx.net/test/nginx-test:1.0
# Log in to the repository, enter username and password
docker login 172.20.1.55
docker login hub-docker.xxx.net
systemctl restart docker
# Push the image to the repository
docker push 172.20.1.55/test/nginx-test:1.0
docker push hub-docker.xxx.net/test/nginx-test:1.0
# Pull the image
docker pull 172.20.1.55/test/nginx-test:1.0
docker pull hub-docker.xxx.net/test/nginx-test:1.0

Task 6: Cosign Sign Images (On the Host That Pulls Images)#

mkdir -p /data/cosign
# Download and install cosign
wget https://github.com/sigstore/cosign/releases/download/v2.2.2/cosign-2.2.2-1.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh cosign-2.2.2-1.x86_64.rpm
# ARM
wget https://github.com/sigstore/cosign/releases/download/v2.2.2/cosign-2.2.2-1.aarch64.rpm
rpm -ivh cosign-2.2.2-1.aarch64.rpm
# Verify installation
cosign version
# Generate keys
cosign generate-key-pair
# Sign the image
cosign sign  --allow-insecure-registry --key /data/cosign/cosign.key images.store.net/test/test-nginx:1.0.0

# Verify decryption
cosign  verify  --allow-insecure-registry --key /data/cosign/cosign.pub images.store.net/test/test-nginx:1.0.0